第六部分：Mybatis注解开发

2022-06-07

MyBatis的常用注解

这几年来注解开发越来越流行，Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式，这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习，再学习复杂映射多表操作。

@Insert：实现新增
@Update：实现更新
@Delete：实现删除
@Select：实现查询
@Result：实现结果集封装
@Results：可以与@Result 一起使用，封装多个结果集
@One：实现一对一结果集封装

@Many：实现一对多结果集封装

MyBatis的增删改查

我们完成简单的user表的增删改查的操作

private UserMapper userMapper;
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
    InputStream resourceAsStream =
            Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
    SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
    userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("测试数据");
    user.setPassword("123");
    user.setBirthday(new Date());
    userMapper.add(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws IOException {
    User user = new User();
    user.setId(16);
    user.setUsername("测试数据修改");
    user.setPassword("abc");
    user.setBirthday(new Date());
    userMapper.update(user);
}
@Test
public void testDelete() throws IOException {
    userMapper.delete(16);
}
@Test
public void testFindById() throws IOException {
    User user = userMapper.findById(1);
    System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() throws IOException {
    List<User> all = userMapper.findAll();
    for(User user : all){
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

修改MyBatis的核心配置文件，我们使用了注解替代的映射文件，所以我们只需要加载使用了注解的Mapper接口即可

<mappers>
    <!--扫描使用注解的类-->
    <mapper class="com.lagou.mapper.UserMapper"></mapper>
</mappers>

或者指定扫描包含映射关系的接口所在的包也可以

<mappers>
    <!--扫描使用注解的类所在的包-->
    <package name="com.lagou.mapper"></package>
</mappers>

MyBatis的注解实现复杂映射开发

实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现，使用注解开发后，我们可以使用@Results注解，@Result注解，@One注解，@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配置

一对一查询

一对一查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对一查询的需求：查询一个订单，与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

一对一查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

1 2	select * from orders; select * from user where id=查询出订单的uid;

查询的结果如下：

创建Order和User实体

public class Order {
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
}

创建OrderMapper接口

1
2
3

public interface OrderMapper {
    List<Order> findAll();
}

使用注解配置Mapper

public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders")
    @Results({
            @Result(id=true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "ordertime",column = "ordertime"),
            @Result(property = "total",column = "total"),
            @Result(property = "user",column = "uid",
                    javaType = User.class,
                    one = @One(select = "com.lagou.mapper.UserMapper.findById"))
    })
    List<Order> findAll();
}
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
    User findById(int id);
}

测试结果

@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUser() {
    List<Order> all = orderMapper.findAll();
    for(Order order : all){
        System.out.println(order);
    }
}

一对多查询

一对多查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对多查询的需求：查询一个用户，与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

一对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

1 2	select * from user; select * from orders where uid=查询出用户的id;

查询的结果如下：

修改User实体

public class Order {
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
}

创建UserMapper接口

1	List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();

使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
            @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
            @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
            @Result(property = "orderList",column = "id",
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select =
                            "com.lagou.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid"))
    })
    List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();
}
public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders where uid=#{uid}")
    List<Order> findByUid(int uid);
}

测试结果

List<User> all = userMapper.findAllUserAndOrder();
for(User user : all){
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList();
    for(Order order : orderList){
        System.out.println(order);
    }
    System.out.println("-----------------------------");
}

多对多查询

多对多查询的模型

用户表和角色表的关系为，一个用户有多个角色，一个角色被多个用户使用
多对多查询的需求：查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

1 2	select * from user; select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id

查询的结果如下：

创建Role实体，修改User实体

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些角色
    private List<Role> roleList;
}
public class Role {
    private int id;
    private String rolename;
}

添加UserMapper接口方法

1	List<User> findAllUserAndRole();

使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
            @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
            @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
            @Result(property = "roleList",column = "id",
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select = "com.lagou.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid"))
    })
    List<User> findAllUserAndRole();
}
public interface RoleMapper {
    @Select("select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=#{uid}")
    List<Role> findByUid(int uid);
}

测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole();
for (User user : all) {
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList();
    for (Role role : roleList) {
        System.out.println(role);
    }
    System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}

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